How Dreams Affect Our Personalities - 1465 Words

How dreams affect our personalities Introduction to Psychology By: Spencer Young Abstract What happens at night when we enter what is called rapid eye movement or rem is called dreaming. What happens when we dream our brain tries to deal with what we’ve done throughout the day. It does this in the form of a dream. What happens when we wake up out of the dream? Does it affect us during the day? Dreams have been found to shape us in ways that is almost unnoticeable to us. How dreams may affect our personalities, and our social life. There are many different types of dreams that people can have during the night. â€Å"A lot of people don’t pay attention to their dreams and are unaware of the impact they have on their state of†¦show more content†¦Some of the different interpretations of dreams include the following but are not limited to. Dreaming about spiders is a often call sign that your brain thinks that you’re being manipulated or are manipulating others around you. A dream about being chased normally means that you’re running form either a person or an idea. A dream about being lost can denote that you have anxiety. According to dream psychologist Ian Wallace dreams are what our brain interprets from our unconscious experiences throughout the day and tries to sort through them. Dreams are often the most authentic expression of the metaphors and symbols that we create to help make sense of our lives (Williams). According Ian Wallace a dream psychologist the reason why we dream is to keep in touch with what we want to do with our lives. Wallace says that when we dream it is our mind trying to collect and connect who we are subconsciously and bring that to our consciousness. Often when people dream they dismiss it as just something useless that happens every night but psychologist Ian Wallace says that they have been the inspiration for some of our most significant technological and cultural advances. The Theory of Relativity originated from a dream that Albert Einstein experienced where he dreamt that he was sledging down a snow covered hillside on a beam of starlight (Wallace). Dreaming is an important part of everyone s emotional well being. When we create the dream imagery in our head we

The Issue Of Juvenile Prostitution - 2176 Words

Over the past decade in Canada juvenile prostitution has been an increasingly prominent issue in society. There are many organizations that have conducted research on this controversial matter, many conducting research to provide the public with a more in depth examination about how this is affecting Canadian society. These studies often focus on the reasons why youth become involved in and remain in prostitution, the affects it has on them and on society, as well as programs that could be implemented to reduce its prevalence and protect those involved. The Canadian Government has conducted research on juvenile prostitution in relation to human trafficking. The involvement of gangs and drugs in juvenile prostitution is also one of the†¦show more content†¦Miller, et al. discovered that neglect, abuse, involvement in the foster care system, an absence of appropriate role models and social exclusion, particularly in minorities, are at a higher risk of becoming involved in pro stitution (2010). The link to homelessness was critical in this study, â€Å"between 14% and 46% of street-entrenched youth exchange sex for money, drugs, shelter, or other commodities† (Miller, 2010, p.1). The researchers explain that the average age that these women began this lifestyle between the ages of 15 and 16. Many of them chose this profession because of the lure of immediate money as compared to other employment (Miller, 2010). The article emphasizes the interest in these young women is often due to the fact that they are willing to act in public places, such as parks, alleys, cars or parking lots. It is explained in this journal that the protection of these young women is left to the criminal justice system and the social welfare system, particularly through detention centers and foster homes; often of which the young women are trying to escape (Miller, 2010). Lastly this study provides suggestions for reducing juvenile prostitution in Canadian society, proposing that more youth focused environments would be beneficial to those involved in juvenile prostitution and suggesting more focus on Aboriginal communities

Movies Afecting Indian Youth Free Essays

One Stop for Colleges Education Career ? ? Covers complete IITJEE/AIEEE syllabus ? ? ? Chemistry, Maths and Physics Sections ? Its Free ? Lessons, tests by IIT/NIT toppers 1000+ Questions and Sample tests Last minute preparation and help Minglebox Engineering Prep Free Online Preparation for Engineering with Minglebox Engineering Prep. Cover basic concepts of under â€Å"Section† for Engineering Entrance Exam Preparation with Study material, solved examples and tests prepared by IIT/NIT toppers. 1 Minglebox Engineering Prep Minglebox. We will write a custom essay sample on Movies Afecting Indian Youth or any similar topic only for you Order Now om Communication systems Electronic communication refers to the faithful transfer of informationor message (available in the form of electrical voltage and current)from one point to another point. Transmitter, transmission channel and receiver are three basic unitsof a communication system. 2 Minglebox Engineering Prep Minglebox. com Transducer: Any device that converts one form ofenergy into another can be termed as a transducer. Signal: Information converted in electrical form and suitable for transmission is called a signal. Signals can be either analog or digital. Noise: Noise refers to the unwanted signals that tend to disturb the transmission and processing of message signals in a communication system. Transmitter: A transmitter processes the incoming message signal so as to make it suitable for transmis sion through a channel and subsequent reception. Receiver: A receiver extracts the desired message signals from the received signals at the channel output. Attenuation: The loss of strength of a signal while propagating through a medium is known as attenua tion. Amplification: It is the process of increasing the amplitude (and consequently the strength) of a signal using an electronic circuit called the amplifier. 3 Minglebox Engineering Prep Minglebox. com Range: It is the largest distance between a source and a destination up to which the signal is received with sufficient strength. Bandwidth: Bandwidth refers to the frequency range over which an equipment operates or the portion of the spectrum occupied by the signal. Modulator: At the transmitter, information contained in the low frequency message signal is superimposed on a high frequency wave, which acts as a carrier of the information. This process is known as modulation. As will be explained later, there are several types of modulation, abbreviated as AM, FM and PM. Demodulation: The process of retrieval of information from the carrier wave at the receiver is termed demodulation. This is the reverse process of modulation. Repeater: A repeater is a combination of a receiver and a transmitter. A repeater, picks up the signal from the transmitter, amplifies and retransmits it to the receiver sometimes with a change in carrier frequency. 4 Minglebox Engineering Prep Minglebox. com Two important forms of communication system are: Analog and Digital. The information to be transmitted is generally in continuous waveform for the former while for the latter it has only discrete or quantised levels. Every message signal occupies a range of frequencies. The bandwidth of a message signal refers to the band of frequencies, which are necessary for satisfactory transmission of the infor mation contained in the signal. Similarly, any practical communication system permits transmission of a range of frequencies only, which is referred to as the bandwidth of the system. Low frequencies cannot be transmitted to long distances. Therefore, they are superimposed on a high frequency carrier signal by a process known as modulation. In modulation, some characteristic of the carrier signal like amplitude, frequency or phase varies in accordance with the modulating or message signal. Correspondingly , they are called Amplitude Modulated (AM), Frequency Modulated (FM) or Phase Modulated (PM) waves. 5 Minglebox Engineering Prep Minglebox. com Pulse modulation could be classified as: Pulse Amplitude Modulation(PAM), Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM) or Pulse Width Modulation(PWM) and Pulse Position Modulation (PPM). For transmission over long distances, signals are radiated into spaceusing devices called antennas. The radiated signals propagate aselectromagnetic waves and the mode of propagation is influenced bythe presence of the earth and its atmosphere. Near the surface of theearth, electromagnetic waves propagate as surface waves. Surface wavepropagation is useful up to a few MHz frequencies. Long distance communication between two points on the earth isachieved through reflection of e lectromagnetic waves by ionosphere. Such waves are called sky waves. Sky wave propagation takes place upto frequency of about 30 MHz. Above this frequency, electromagneticwaves essentially propagate as space waves. Space waves are used forline-of-sight communication and satellite communication. 6 Minglebox Engineering Prep Minglebox. com If an antenna radiates electromagnetic waves from a height hT, thenthe range dT is given by v2RhT whereR is the radius of the earth. Amplitude modulated signal contains frequencies (? c –? m ), ? c and (? c +? m) Amplitude modulated waves can be produced by application of the message signal and the carrier wave to a non linear device, followed by a band pass filter. AM detection, which is the process of recovering the modulating signal from an AM waveform, is carried out using a rectifier and an envelope detector. 7 Minglebox Engineering Prep Minglebox. com Sample Examples A message signal of frequency 10 kHz and peak voltageof 10 volts is used to modulate a carrier of frequency 1 MHz and peakvoltage of 20 volts. Determine (a) modulation index, (b) the side bandsproduced. Solution (a) Modulation index =10/20 = 0. 5 (b) The side bands are at (1000+10 kHz)=1010 kHz and(1000 –10 kHz) = 990 kHz. A transmitting antenna at the top of a tower has a height32 m and the height of the receiving antenna is 50 m. What is themaximum distance between them for satisfactory communication inLOS mode? Given radius of earth 6. 4 ? 106 m. Solution = v2 *64*105*32 + v2 *64*105*50 = 64 ? 102 ? v10 + 8 ? 103 ? v10 m =144 ? 102 ? 10 m = 45. 5 km 8 Minglebox Engineering Prep Minglebox. com How to cite Movies Afecting Indian Youth, Papers

Pay Attention to this name, someday it’ll mean something spectacular free essay sample

My name is Angelica Leticia I’m the oldest child and granddaughter of my family. My sister is five and a half years my junior and one of the few people I fear of disappointing. I have an obsession with reading books and try to write my own. I had a fear of the dark as a child and still have a phobia of needles and spiders. I am an open and realized homosexual, for all of that I am a closeted Roman Catholic. My family is Large, Mexican, and Loud, those words are synonymous for each other in my opinion and I love them all dearly. I’m surrounded by people that love and care for me. They call me beautiful, kind, and good hearted, it’s hard not to laugh when they say such things. I’m okay with admitting I’m average looking. If I’m beautiful, which I doubt, it’s because of my mother. She’s the gorgeous one I just got half of her genes. But it’s alright because I got my humor from dad as well as his people skills; the stubbornness is from both of them. Because of this refusal to pay attention to this â€Å"beauty† I possess I’ve been told multiple times by many different people that I posses an inferiority complex. I continue to deny these claims because they obviously aren’t true, I’m just not stupid. I’d rather be smart and witty anyway. My friends to offset this â€Å"ridiculous notion† have given me a new nickname the â€Å"moe one†. Because I’m oblivious sometimes I had no idea what the term meant. Once I told them I had no idea what on earth they were talking about they said it meant cute. Not satisfied with this answer I went to the internet, â€Å"When in doubt Google it† this theory it has yet to fail me. And I was not disappointed; it’s a nerd term from Japanese anime. â€Å"Moe, when it was first coined, meant any character, boy or girl, which elicited feelings of protectiveness or sympathy with the viewer.† I believe that, given my history with self-defense classes and extensive knowledge in all things physically dangerous, I should be the last person to inspire a protective instinct in those around me. Further more considering that I have an unfortunate habit of reacting violently or â€Å"spazzing† as may fondly put it, when surprised those with their best interest in mind should learn to avoid putting themselves in such situations. I feel that I do not need or want a body guard seeing as how I am perfectly capable of handling myself in a situation and feel confident in my abilities of protecting myself from physical harm. Sympathy is a very trying term and often has morose effects when I attempt or another body attempts to dispense such feelings unto me. Perhaps the best reaction to my pain, physical or otherwise, would be to po litely look away whilst I compose myself and then allow me to angrily rant out my anger. â€Å"As time passed, the usage of â€Å"moe† began expanding†¦and usually signals to most viewers that the characters in a show are going to be cardboard cut outs with no personality depths.† This makes the term rather offensive, I am hardly a cardboard cutout or a character that can be interchanged at will. Hardly a compliment when used properly the term â€Å"moe† seems to say that I am a non-descript or a face in the crowd, the way a man views designer shoes. I would like to believe that I am remarkable in some small way or at least possess avant-garde qualities. The word â€Å"cute† is also at a very low vocabulary level. Used to define small or enduring items; when defining the word â€Å"moe† it means: small, adorable, and perky. A chihuahua is perky; a chihuahua is also an annoying rat of a dog. I’m sure this rant will end up being called â€Å"moe† as well as my passionate refusals of being referred to as such. However I have depth and personality, there is no way on earth there is another person like me to have ever existed. Not with my exact genetic pattern, personality, ethnic background and childhood. There are hundreds of Angelica’s in the world; I’ve even personally meet five so far. Even when I googled my full name there were 82 results and not one of them was me. The name doesn’t make me rather I make the name, who I am, what I’ve done, and what I will do. The word Angelica comes from the Latin root angelic, it doesn’t mention that neither of my parents went to college or that I will be the first person in my family to get a degree. Leticia is also Latin it means â€Å"joyful†, it doesn’t define the kid that loves her running shoes and can barely walk in heels. My name is a name my mother chose before I was born that over these past few years I’ve been getting comfortable with and filling with my personality. Three words, ten syllables, twenty letters make up my name; to label a small 5’2 ?† girl with mouse brown hair, her mom’s hazel eyes and a crooked smile that belongs just to her. I want to be a writer, I want to fall in love, I want to walk into a bookstore on day and see my novels on the best seller display, most of all I crave two little girls and a boy of my own to call me â€Å"Mom†. I need to do something big and grand with my life, but my definition of big is different then what most people see. I don’t need or want to be famous. I want to make a statement, not be the statement. Don’t judge me based on how I look; I can’t help whether or not I was born pretty. Judge me by the content of my character, and by what I say. Make a decision on how you view me after talking to me and hearing my views. Don’t look at my picture and think you’ve got me pegged. So here’s a little piece of me that’s a couple hairs over 1,000 words, my teacher said this statement needs to be personal. Personal enough that I would be a little nervous if just anyone were to read it. Well I’m nervous, I’m sure there have to be at least ten grammatical mistakes. (Was that personal enough for you?)

The Role of Colonial Women on Work

Free Essays on Mcglobalization

McGlobalization â€Å"We must use terministic screens, since we can’t really say anything without the use of terms; whatever terms we use, they necessarily constitute a corresponding kind of screen; and any such screen necessarily directs the attention to one field rather than the other. Within that field there can be different screens, each with its ways of directing the attention and shaping the range of observations implicit in the given terminology. All terminologies must implicitly and explicitly embody choices between the principle of continuity and the discontinuity.† Where would the world be in this day and age if everyone had the exact same experiences, exact same thoughts, and the exact same dreams? To think of such things is ridiculous. Humans would be nothing more than robots, all programmed to think and function in the exact same way. Each individual in the world has their own experiences, none of which that are identical. Not one person was raised identical to another. For every person there comes a screen, and for every experience an individual encounters comes another screen. Think of screens like this. A photographer has many different lenses. Each lens comes with their own unique qualities. So when the photographer switches his lens he is switching the entire picture. In regards to humans we are the photographer and each experience gives us a different view on things. The result of this gives us another screen. Writers and theorist are no exception to this. Newspapers and publications would not have such an impact on the wo rld if every person had the same view on things. We take in information from one and another and twist it all around in our heads to come up with our own individual ideas. Real life examples of this our seen everywhere. An issue I wish to address is how different people interpret the phenomenon, globalization. To help support this paper I will give examples from different auth... Free Essays on Mcglobalization Free Essays on Mcglobalization McGlobalization â€Å"We must use terministic screens, since we can’t really say anything without the use of terms; whatever terms we use, they necessarily constitute a corresponding kind of screen; and any such screen necessarily directs the attention to one field rather than the other. Within that field there can be different screens, each with its ways of directing the attention and shaping the range of observations implicit in the given terminology. All terminologies must implicitly and explicitly embody choices between the principle of continuity and the discontinuity.† Where would the world be in this day and age if everyone had the exact same experiences, exact same thoughts, and the exact same dreams? To think of such things is ridiculous. Humans would be nothing more than robots, all programmed to think and function in the exact same way. Each individual in the world has their own experiences, none of which that are identical. Not one person was raised identical to another. For every person there comes a screen, and for every experience an individual encounters comes another screen. Think of screens like this. A photographer has many different lenses. Each lens comes with their own unique qualities. So when the photographer switches his lens he is switching the entire picture. In regards to humans we are the photographer and each experience gives us a different view on things. The result of this gives us another screen. Writers and theorist are no exception to this. Newspapers and publications would not have such an impact on the wo rld if every person had the same view on things. We take in information from one and another and twist it all around in our heads to come up with our own individual ideas. Real life examples of this our seen everywhere. An issue I wish to address is how different people interpret the phenomenon, globalization. To help support this paper I will give examples from different auth...

The short stories The Tell-Tale heart and The Cask of Amontillado by Research Paper

The short stories The Tell-Tale heart and The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe both portrays the narrators' - Research Paper Example Poe, in many of his short stories, magnificently combines embellished vocabulary and strong thematic plots which creates a force compelling his readers to devote their attention into his works and gauge them in deep contemplation of the abysmal meanings and concepts embedded in the story. Some of his works are rich with repetition for a subtle emphasis of his point. His written works are cooked with phantasmagoric imagery, elusive foreshadowing, double-edged symbolism and skewed contextual implications (Long). There is thematic parallelism is his works such as the â€Å"Cask of Amontillado†, â€Å"The Black Cat† and â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†. The common leitmotif of these stories evolve in the idea of murder, revenge, issues of sanity, and the dark spirit of perverseness and evil that enveloped the characters of his plot. The repetition of words that are subtly reminding the readers that the story is headed somewhere and the foreshadowing of events is consistent ly engraved in the events of the characters. Poe’s The Cask of Amontillado is a good exemplary for horrific suspense thriller scenes considered as one of the best short stories throughout history. The story is contextually rich with ironies nevertheless contributing to the plot’s consistency and complete unity of the elements. Every line and spoken dialogues of the characters, Montessori and Fortunato, contributes to the totality of the effect that Poe tries to convey to his readers. Some of the most noted ironies start with the name Fortunato meaning â€Å"fortunate†. The atmospheric ambiance of the calculated atrocious act of revenge of Montessori to entomb his enemy Fortunato to be executed in the height of gaiety is also an irony. There is no specification of the deed that Fortunato has done towards Montessori aside from the subtle allegations about insults hurled upon him which, being rich and famous, may have scarred his pride deeply. Thus the incorrigible punishment such as death should suffice (â€Å"Cask†). The lofty ironic scenes of the story makes the readers acclimate with intellect so as to comprehend their deeper meanings. Other paradox includes, Montressor’s words to Fortunato â€Å"you are luckily met†, the coat of arms and the Montressor’s remarks about the mason, the jingling of the bells to announce a death, their constant toast of wine as if in celebration in contrast with a coming death, the atmosphere gradient from the carnival feast from that of the path towards Hades, and the remarks of the characters â€Å"let us be gone† to signify death. The elemental ingredients of the short story exemplify perfect unity of Poe’s thoughts and real intentions. He directed to uncover the events through foreshadowing and double-sided meanings in their dialogues. Meanwhile, the total effect of the short story creates an eerie feeling to whoever perceives. The horrific appeal is so strong tha t anyone can get captivated with the play of words between the characters. Poe has indeed endowed such compelling murderous act quite so invincibly. His plot for murder is quite flawless, incriminating the enemy with raw avenging without a single pint of trace. Montressor has indeed lived a life with impunity not until five decades. Another Poe’s work, The Tell-Tale Heart, is yet another magnificent work. It is a profound psychological archetypal for paranoia and sanity. In fact, the story began with the narrator defending himself from the accusation that he is

Social work- Understanding Human Behaviour Essay

Social work- Understanding Human Behaviour - Essay Example As argued by Davis (1996), there is a component of risk assessment in most features of the task, from the decisions that influence the liberty of individuals and the amount of assistance and support they receive, to decisions about policy on resources provision. Social workers can only accomplish these assessments if they are capable of recognising the certainty of risk and to take into account their responses to it. Two such responses were identified by Davis (1996) as those of risk minimisation and risk-taking, asserts that â€Å"Risk-taking is... an essential element of working with mental health service users to ensure autonomy, choice and social participation. It is a means of challenging the paternalism and over protectiveness of mental health services† (Davis 1996: 114). Elements of paternalism and over-protectiveness are features of the condition of risk minimisation apparent in guidelines of care management, care programming (CPA), documentations of hospital discharge s and supervision records which, if professionals are not cautious, could result in needless controls being placed on the liberty of individuals diagnosed as being a threat to themselves and to others (Tew 2005). This consequently curbs the likelihood of integrating individuals with mental illness in their communities. Social workers have to find a neutral ground between being overcautious by needlessly restricting the experiences of their own and of their clients, and being inconsiderate by putting themselves and others in excessive risk (Gitterman 2001). Social workers are concerned with delivering the most favourable and beneficial mental health service for carers and service users. This suggests a service that is helpful, involves carers and service users in the process of decision making and is risk-free for all involved (Garlick 2007). Risk-free, effectual mental health services adopt a developed approach to risk, in

Elements of Security System Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Elements of Security System - Coursework Example In the case of installing a wireless network, updating security strategy should be done in order consider both benefits and associated security risks. Wireless networks would be of benefit due to the associated flexibility, but the network could be exposed to many security risks including those similar to wired networks. Additional risks thus call for security strategy upgrading. Management support is however important in this case (Kairab, pg.50). The radio transmission of data makes the wireless network open to intruders, who can exploit it, destroy it, steal data, or even deny access to authorized users. The strategy upgrade should include the use of risk management processes for assess possible risks, taking necessary steps to reduce the risks, and maintaining an acceptable level of security risks. The strategy should consider the economic side of the installation and in the management of the projected risks. Security strategy upgrade is also important during major company reorga nization. Major company reorganization occurs with both economic pressure and security risks. Major reorganizations include mergers, joint venture, and downsizing among others. Companies have to reveal some of their critical secretes and information, which could pose danger to a firm’s operations or success.

Bristol Royal Infirmary 1984-1995 Public Inquiry

Bristol Royal Infirmary 1984-1995 Public Inquiry Thilini Nisansala Egoda Kapuralalage 1. Introduction A public inquiry is a review of an event or events that is conducted by the government body to find out what went wrong. Moreover, â€Å"an inquiry is a retrospective examination of events or circumstances, specially established to find out what happened, understand why, and learn from the experiences of all those involved† (Walshe, 2003). Bristol Royal Infirmary (BRI) inquiry is an example of inquiry which The inquiry is related to two teaching hospitals; the Bristol Royal Infirmary (BRI) and the Bristol Royal Hospital for Sick Children (BRHSC) and particularly the inquiry is related to congenital heart disease; babies with heart problems. The inquiry was carried out by a panel which was chaired by Professor Ian Kennedy from October 1998 to July 2001. 2. A summary of key information 2.1. Background information The National Health Service, in 1984, designated the Bristol Royal Infirmary and the Bristol Royal Hospital for Sick Children as a centre to provide paediatric cardiac surgeries to the infants under 1 year old. The Bristol Royal Infirmary performed open-heart surgeries while the Bristol Hospital for Sick Children performed closed-heart surgeries. Compared to other paediatric units in UK, Bristol did not have the required standard to perform the surgery. However, the decision to designate a paediatric unit in Bristol mainly made due to geographic issues that the patients had to undergo (Weick Sutcliffe). 2.2. Physical setting Physical setting of the hospital and operation theatre play a pivotal part in the inquiry. The location of BRI is noteworthy and it is located two block away from the BHC. Bristol Royal Infirmary conduct open heart surgeries in their hospital, while Bristol Hospital for Sick Children conduct closed heart operations in their hospital. Although the BRI conduct open heart surgeries, they lack cardiologists and they are in the BHC (Weick Sutcliffe). The operation theatre and ICU of BRI are located in two different floors. The ICU can access through an elevator and the elevator is non-dedicated. After conducting the surgery, the children are moved to sixth floor until they are stabilized. Then they are moved to BHC for further care and treatments (Weick Sutcliffe). 2.3. Administration and staff The CEO, Dr John Roylance directed the regional health authority and hospital board. Simply, these two parties relied on Dr John Roylance. On the other hand, Dr John Roylance relied on Dr James Wisheart who was â€Å"a man of many trades, holding other positions in BRI such as associate director of cardiac surgery and the chairman of the hospital’s medical committee† (Weick Sutcliffe). Furthermore, his patients were already on bypass before his arrival as he was normally late to his surgeries. In addition, Dr Janardan Dhasmana was another surgeon who was â€Å"described as self-critical, disengaged from his surgical team, and unaware of their importance as a â€Å"whole team. (Weick Sutcliffe). 2.4. Performance According to the experts, to maintain required expertise in the surgeries in a centre averagely 80-100 open heart surgeries should be conducted per year. But, the average case load of Bristol was lower than the minimal required cases. In addition, the performance of Bristol did not improve, while the performance of the all other centres began to improve. â€Å"Between 1988 and 1994, the mortality rate at Bristol for open-heart surgery in children under one was roughly double the rate of any other centre in England in five of the seven years. The mortality rate (defined as deaths within 30 days of surgery) between 1984 and 1989 for open-heart surgery under 1 at Bristol was 32.2% and the average rate for the other centres for the same period was 21.2%† (Weick Sutcliffe). Furthermore, the mortality rate increased up to 37.5% by the end of 1990. Also, according to the data analysis from 1990 to 1995, Bristol had approximately 30 and 35 excess deaths (Weick Sutcliffe). 3. Information about the issue 3.1. What happened? 3.2. How it happened? The series of incidents happened because of several reasons. First is the poor organisation of BRI. Open-heart surgery service had been provided in two sites where they lacked the proper staff to maintain the required care and treatment to the patients. Second is the lack of physical resources. The BRI was doing only the surgery and later they transferred the children into the BCH for further treatment. This cause to another issue of poor team work where the staff was not involved in the surgery and treatments effectively. Also, the BRI was using the same ICU for both adults and children. Third is the lack of information sharing with the parents and they were unaware of the relevant information (Hindle, Braithwaite, Travaglia, Iedema, 2006). 3.3. Who was involved? Few key figures were involved in the issue and they were Dr John Roylance, Dr James Wisheart, and Dr Janardan Dhasmana. First, Dr John Roylance was the CEO of the hospital but he had mentioned that he was unable to interfere with the work that were done by the surgeons. Moreover, he â€Å"chose to ignore warnings from whistle blower Steve Bolsin about the standard of operations being offered to young children† (BBC, 2003). Second, Dr James Wisheart was the director of the BRI and he claimed in an interview with BBC Radio 4’s that â€Å"the babies who died suffered from serious conditions and most had additional complications. He believed he would be vindicated in time† (BBC). Third person who was involved in Bristol was Dr Janardan Dhasmana and he was number two to Dr James Wisheart. He was responsible for over 29 deaths. Also, four babies were left brain damaged after the surgeries (Woods, 1998). 3.4. Reasons to failure There are several factors that caused the failure of surgeries at BRI. First is the poor team work which affects the performance of the work and final outcome. Effective team work plays a pivotal factor to succeed the surgery but it was absent at BRI. Second reason to failure is lack of openness. The system and culture of BRI was different and they did not encourage their staff to share their issues openly. â€Å"Those who tried to raise concerns found it hard to have their voice heard† (Kennedy, 2001). Third is the lack of human resources. There was a significant gap between the resources available at BRI and the required resources in the PCS unit. There were a shortage of staff from operating theatre and ICU. Furthermore, â€Å"the complement of cardiologists and surgeons was always below the level deemed appropriate by the relevant professional bodies. The consultant cardiologists lacked junior support† (Kennedy, 2001). Fourth is the lack of physical resources. The B RI and the BCH were located in two different places. The BRI conducted the surgeries and after that, the patients were transferred to the BCH for further treatment and care. In addition, the ICU at BRI was not properly organised and it was a mixed unit that cared for both adults and children (Kennedy, 2001). 3.4. Who discovered the problem? The performance of pediatric cardiac unit began to concern in early October of 1986 by a professor of the University of Wales. He reported to the Regional Health Authority about the unit’s performance and the authority concluded that the problem was related to the volume of cases. In addition, Dr Stephen Bolsin, a consultant anesthetist who joined the Bristol hospital in 1988, found few issues with the performances. What he noted was that surgeries done in BRI took a long time than usual and the babies were kept under the by-pass machine for a long time (Weick Sutcliffe). Apart from Bolsin’s complain to the colleagues, he reported this issue to Dr John Roylance, the CEO. But Bolsin did not receive positive reaction from the CEO about the issue. Moreover, a Pediatric Pathologist at Bristol wrote an article to report about the â€Å"post-mortem examinations of seventy-six Bristol children who had under gone surgery for congenital heart disease† (Weick Sutcliffe). In 1989, the article was publish in the Journal of Clinical Pathology. According to the article, â€Å"29 cases of cardiac anomalies and surgical flaws that contributed to death† (Weick Sutcliffe). Furthermore, several articles that criticised about the Bristol Paediatric were published in Private Eye (Weick Sutcliffe). 3.5. Why did it go undetected for the period of time? 4. Recommendations 4.1. Patient-centered health service Patients should be informed about the care that they are going to undergo. Several methods can be adhered to provide information to the patients. With relevant to the inquiry, it is evident that there were certain occasions that the communication between the staff and the parents was poor. During the treatments, some parents were given counselling, while some were not. However, â€Å"the United Bristol Healthcare Trust (UBHT) conceded in its evidence that the service it provided was insufficient to meet the needs of some parents† (Kennedy, 2001). Therefore, a good communication is required and the doctors should not judge what information should to be informed. It is parents who should make that decision (Hindle et al., 2006). 4.2. Safety and quality A safe and quality environment should be created to the patients. In Bristol, the arrangements, the state of equipment and buildings, and the training of the staff did not meet the required standard and these things were possible to create a damage to the service. To mitigate this, the authorities should remove the barriers to a safe and quality service while promoting the openness and publishing required standard of quality and care (Hindle et al., 2006; Kennedy, 2001). 4.3. Healthcare professionals’ competence Health service providers should possess the required standard of skills, expertise, and educational level. Furthermore, they are capable of good communication and team work. In Bristol, the system did not demand the professionals to keep their skills and knowledge up to date. 6. References BBC. Im not perfect, says Bristol surgeon Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/568511.stm BBC. (2003). The Bristol Babies Inquiry Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/1148390.stm Hindle, D., Braithwaite, J., Travaglia, J., Iedema, R. (2006). A comparative analysis of eight Inquiries in six countries. Kennedy, I. (2001). The report of the public inquiry into childrens heart surgery at the Bristol Royal Infirmary 1984-1995: learning from Bristol. Walshe, K. (2003). INQUIRIES: LEARNING FROM FAILURE IN THE NHS? : Weick, K. E., Sutcliffe, K. M. Hospitals as Cultures of Entrapment: A RE-ANALYSIS OF THE BRISTOL ROYAL INFIRMARY. Woods, M. (1998). Bristol heart scandal surgeon is dismissed Retrieved from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/bristol-heart-scandal-surgeon-is-dismissed-1197097.html pg. 1

Researching Socratic Pedagogy and Education in Platos Republic Essay

Researching Socratic Pedagogy and Education in Plato's Republic ABSTRACT: Though Plato never wrote a dialogue that explicitly asks, "What is education?", few argue that he is uninterested in the subject; after all, Plato, like Socrates, was a teacher. In his magnum opus, the Republic, Plato deals with education repeatedly. The eduction of the guardian class and the allegory of the cave present two landmark pedagogical passages. Yet to catch a glimpse of Socratic pedagogy, we must first sift through the intricacies of dialogue. In addition to the complexity inherent in dramatic context, it seems clear that Socrates’ remarks are often steeped in irony. Thus, we stumble upon a problem: how should we read these passages on education? Does Plato mean for us to read them genuinely or ironically? I will argue that Plato uses the dramatic context of the Republic to suggest that Socrates presents the education of the guardians ironically, while reserving the allegory of the cave for a glimpse of Socrates’ genuine pedagogy. I. Introduction Though Plato never wrote a dialogue that explicitly asks, "What is education?", few argue that he is uninterested in the subject; after all, Plato, like Socrates, was a teacher.(1) In his magnum opus, the Republic, Plato deals with education repeatedly. The education of the guardian class and the allegory of the cave present two landmark pedagogical passages. Yet to catch a glimpse of Socratic pedagogy, we must first sift through the intricacies of dialogue. In addition to the complexity inherent in dramatic context, it seems clear that Socrates' remarks are often steeped in irony.(2) Thus, we stumble upon a problem: how should we read these passages on education? Does Plato mean for us to rea... ...l 1988) 214-231. (10) by undesirable, I mean that Socrates wants to prohibit the guardians from even considering something contrary to the ideal for fear that they may be corrupted. (11) Werner Jaeger, Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1943), 294. (12) Again, this is just the sort of response we see in Glaucon when Socrates begins the analogy of the cave (515a). (13) both the convention of those in his environment and the convention that he himself has sensorily experienced to be true in his environment (14) In light of the perdicament of the cave dwellers, it is clear that the teacher is absolutely necessary if philosophic insight is to occur. The cave dweller will never leave the prison on his own, only the teacher can forcibly free him from his shackles. (15) op cit. (16) op cit. (17) Miller, 5.1

The Curious Ncident of the Dog in the Night Time

The Curious incident of the Dog in the Night-time demonstrates how challenging life is, not just for the disabled but for everyone. Discuss, making sure you support your ideas with detailed references to the text. Mark Haddon’s novel The Curious incident of the Dog in the Night-time which is written from the view of a fifteen year old boy Christopher who has Asperger’s syndrome, not only does this book demonstrate how challenging life is for the disabled, but also for everyone.Having the main character Christopher narrate the story gives you the chance to connect with him and also to experience and understand the challenges he faces in his everyday life because of the disability that he has. Christopher is not the only character in the novel to face challenges. His mother Judy and his father Ed both face challenges. For example, bringing up Christopher who has a disability and also maintaining a solid relationship with each other.While the reader is shown how challengin g life can be, the author also leaves the reader with a feeling of hope with what can happen in the future. Because Christopher has Asperger’s syndrome life is very challenging for him in more than one way. It is hard for Christopher because he can’t understand facial expressions, so he doesn’t know if someone is sad, happy or angry which can be hard because he has to try and guess their mood from the tone of voice they are using.Christopher tries to understand facial expressions because he ‘got Siobhan to draw lots of†¦faces and then write down next to them exactly what they meant’. Another way that life is challenging for Christopher is that he can’t deal with lies and does not like them. In some situations Christopher thinks that it is alright for him to tell white lies but others have to tell the full truth all the time. ‘I do not tell lies. Mother used to say that this was because I was a good person. But it's not because I am a good person.It is because I can't tell lies. ’ Christopher says that he can’t tell lies but what he does not realize, is that he is telling white lies which are lies. Christopher thinks that telling the truth is a way of life, not just something people choose because it is the right thing to do. Christopher has had many situations where he has been lied to and has not handled it well. He has been lied too about his mother being dead and also about his father killing Mrs Shears dog Wellington.Christopher does not react to this well, because when he found out he ran away and no longer felt safe around his father. Both Christopher’s parents Judy and Ed Boone find life challenging because they are trying to raise a child with a disability. Christopher’s mother finds life challenging because she has to live her life wondering if her only child is alright because she is sending him letters and she doesn’t know whether he is getting them, she also isnà ¢â‚¬â„¢t getting any replies from Christopher to ensure her that everything is alright.Even though she has been writing letters to him for a while she has not been getting any letters back because Christopher’s father, Ed, has been hiding them from Christopher because he hadn’t told him that his mother was not actually dead. Christopher’s mother never stopped loving him even though he made her life really hard sometimes and she still kept writing to him and never stopped. ‘You haven’t written to me yet, so I know you’re probably still angry with me. I’m sorry Christopher. But I still love you’.Another way life is challenging for Judy is that she finds that her only son gets on better with his father. As a mother this would be very heart breaking. She always found it difficult when she took him to the shops or the mall because he would end up crouched down on the floor with is hands over his ears and he would be in the way of eve ryone. If she tried to move him he would just start screaming. Judy didn’t believe that she had the patience like Ed to look after Christopher and then she was having lots of other problems and that is when she decided to leave.Judy is not the only person who is finding life challenging but Ed, Christopher’s father is also finding life challenging. Life is challenging for Ed because it is hard to raise a child with a disability especially when you are left to look after them all by yourself. Ed and Christopher’s relationship also struggles when Christopher found out that his own father killed the next door neighbour’s dog Wellington. Christopher started not to trust him anymore and did not feel safe in his company and did not want to be left alone with him.Life is challenging for Christopher as his Asperger’s syndrome makes if difficult to communicate and to understand others. Life is not only difficult for Christopher but also for his parents, bec ause coping with a child with a disability is not any easy thing to do, but not only that they have also put a strain on their relationship. Though life is challenging not just for the disabled but for everyone, Mark Haddon demonstrates how facing life’s challenges builds a person’s character and ability to cope. Word Count: 910

The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet

The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet The peak of love between Romeo and Juliet leads to hatred and non-acceptable amongst the behavior of opposite forces. The force from the parents of Julietto marry with Paris, betrayal of Nurse and the delusion of Friar Lawrence are the factorswhich resulted in the death of Romeo and Juliet. Primarily, the obstacle that Juliet had toface was the compression to marry with Paris and the inappropriate behavior fromparents. The Capulet 's attitude towards Juliet was strict and biased which leads anegative impression on Juliet and the pressure to marry with County Paris made hercried. When Juliet refused to marry Paris, Capulet replied, " Hang thee, young baggage,disobedient wretch! I tell thee what I get thee to church a' Thursday or never after lookme in the face" (3,5,160-162), which describes that how much Capulet insulted her andmade her to marry Paris that resulted to take Juliet her own life.Romeo and Juliet, Act I-Scene_3. Lady Capulet and ...You not only have a feeling of pity for the separated lovers, but for their whole community that also suffered from the family's pointless feud. The second part of this theme is focused on the fear at how devastating two family's hostility can be. Not only were Romeo and Juliet's lives ruined, the entire community felt a loss over the many deaths and shame for their foolishness.Romeo and Juliet matches multiple criteria for a tragic plot set by the philosophers Bradley and Aristotle. The first criterion is met since the plot is a result of the main character's actions. The main character in this play, Romeo, causes many of the events that affect the plot's unfolding in the way that it does. In the beginning acts, Romeo's sorrow over Rosoline gives Benvolio reason to take him to the party where he falls aimlessly...

Ethical Issues in Counseling Essay Example

Ethical Issues in Counseling Essay Example Ethical Issues in Counseling Essay Ethical Issues in Counseling Essay Ethical motiveWhen I sit and think about what the construct of moralss agencies to me. it seems as if there are many thoughts that come to mind. Although they all revert back to one simple significance and that is to believe in what you say and say what you believe. Treat everyone every bit. make non judge one individual from the following and make your occupation as you have been taught. I think that we should utilize moralss in our mundane lives non merely in the work force country. As per our literature the term moralss means. cosmopolitan rules that societies have determined to be right. merely and just and are by and large regarded as the criterions that govern the behavior of a individual. ( Unit 02: Ethical Issues in Counseling ) 1. Following. discourse the National Association of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Counselors ( NAADAC’s ) Code of Ethics. Smith and Hodges define moralss as a human reflecting self-consciously on the act of being a moral being. This implies a procedure of self-reflection and consciousness of how to act as a moral being. Some definitions are dictated by jurisprudence. single belief systems. faith or a mixture of all three.NAADAC recognizes that its members and certified counsellors live and work in many diverse communities. NAADAC has established a set of ethical best-practices that apply to universal ethical deliberation. Further. NAADAC recognizes and encourages the impression that personal and professional moralss can non be deal t with as separate spheres. NAADAC members. dependence professionals and/or licensed/certified intervention suppliers ( later referred to as dependence professionals ) recognize that the ability to make good is based on an implicit in concern for the wellbeing of others. This concern emerges from acknowledgment that we are all stakeholders in each other’s lives – the wellbeing of each is closely bound to the wellbeing of all ; that when the felicity of some is purchased by the sadness of others. the phase is set for the wretchedness of all. Addiction professionals must move in such a manner that they would hold no embarrassment if their behaviour became a affair of public cognition and would hold no trouble supporting their actions before any competent authorization.The NAADAC Code of Ethics was written to regulate the behavior of its members and it is the recognized criterion of behavior for dependence professionals certified by the National Certification Commission. The codification of moralss reflects ideals of NAADAC and its members. When an moralss ailment is filed with NAADAC. it is evaluated by confer withing the NAADAC Code of Ethics. The NAADAC Code of Ethics is designed as a statement of the values of the profession and as a usher for doing clinical determinations. This codification is besides utilized by province enfranchisement boards and educational establishments to measure the behaviour of dependence professionals and to steer the enfranchisement procedure. What sort of issues does NAADAC’s Code of Ethics reference?2. Last. choose one constituent of NAADAC’s Code of Ethics. Briefly summarize the constituent and discourse how it will impact your interaction with clients. For illustration. you may take the constituent of the Counseling Relationship or Professional Responsibility within NAADAC’s Code of Ethics. All documents should be written utilizing 12 point Times New Roman font with one inch borders. Be certai n to properly mention all beginnings used within your composing assignment utilizing APA format. For a reappraisal of APA manner and how to mention beginnings. delight see Proper APA Format Citation in the Study Skills schoolroom or see the Research Guides page on the Online Library Resources site.

Corporate new ventures at procter & gamble Essay

Corporate new ventures at procter & gamble - Essay Example It also requires an extensive mobilization of the overall corporate resources in order to achieve the required targets. (Hill and Jones). This case study outlines some of the key aspects of the CNV however; it is focused on P&G only and describes the process which is based upon the overall strengths of P&G as an organization. Considering the traditional size of the organization and its past history, it may not be necessary to have big products. However, due to the previous size of the products and the kind of revenue they have generated in the past also requires that P&G must have the big hit products in order to ensure that they meet the standards set by the earlier products. The existing corporate and divisional R&D of the firm can actually contribute towards the achievement of this goal by sharing their strengths with the CNV to achieve the overall objectives of product innovation. Though P&G has the ability to absorb the risks arising from new entrepreneurial activities however, in order to keep sustaining its existing and proven line of businesses, it may be too big. This is also due to the fact that the entrepreneurial activity itself is a very demanding process and the overall risks are high. Further, if the new ventures or ideas are outside the overall objectives of the firm, the same can actually drift P&G away from its traditional competencies. I would recommend that P&G only allow such ventures which fit into its overall organizational objectives and

A report on what your local banker says he or she can do to help you Research Paper

A report on what your local banker says he or she can do to help you get paid from abroad by customers of your new small export - Research Paper Example Following section will discuss as to what our local banker can offer to us as an exporting company. Financing Facilities for Exporting Company During our discussion with the banker, we came to know that an exporting company can have access to different sources of finance to help it achieve its overall organizational objectives. First source of finance identified by our banker was for the purpose of meeting our working capital requirements including sourcing raw materials, managing our receivables as well as paying our overheads and salaries. Our banker informed us that exporters often enjoy concessionary rates of interest on such working capital facilities because they help bring the country the precious foreign exchange which is essential for managing balance of payments of a country. The export related financing for meeting our working capital requirements however, was related with our ability to take the new orders and financing, according to banker, will be limited to the amount of orders we receive. Another important source of finance identified by our banker was the discounting of letter of credits which we receive from our buyers in international market. As one of the conditions of our dealings, we will ask our customers to open a letter of credit in our favor thus providing us added security and safety.

Internet Shopping Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Internet Shopping - Essay Example A long traditional framework in marketing is a worthwhile lens to look through when charting a path for success (i.e., formulating strategy and tactics) in ecommerce. This framework is known as the consumer buying decision process and it encompasses all consumer behaviors related to buying. It consists of five general stages. Consumers may not experience all of the stages for each buying decision. -Purchase - payment and acquisition of product (n.b., the product purchased is not always the one preferred by a consumer -- e.g., when Coca Cola is not available on an airplane, many people drink Pepsi). -Post purchase - behavior related to both the felt comfort and satisfaction levels with the purchase experience and decision; all product related activities that one does after purchasing a product (e.g., returning an item, using an item and being either satisfied or dissatisfied, spreading word-of-mouth). Bruce D. Weinberg in the same article further states that "The Internet creates an information intensive environment where power and success is very much high quality information and the ability to best understand and utilize it. Exchange (i.e., buying and selling) information is typically generated by either buyers or sellers, though certainly others can generate relevant exchange information -... -Post purchase - behavior related to both the felt comfort and satisfaction levels with the purchase experience and decision; all product related activities that one does after purchasing a product (e.g., returning an item, using an item and being either satisfied or dissatisfied, spreading word-of-mouth). Bruce D. Weinberg in the same article further states that "The Internet creates an information intensive environment where power and success is very much high quality information and the ability to best understand and utilize it. Exchange (i.e., buying and selling) information is typically generated by either buyers or sellers, though certainly others can generate relevant exchange information -- for example, those who provide advice (e.g., e-pinions.com). Taken together, this highlights a very important lesson. Buyers and sellers need to listen very carefully to each other as it is their communication skills -- the ability to clearly transmit and interpret needs in the form of information". Further following points are to be kept in mind while developing a website: Make it easy to find desired products at the site. Consumers want to know quickly the purpose of a site; and they want to know who is involved in the venture. Respond quickly to consumer requests for information or assistance. Provide useful and direct information. Provide live or software-based agent assistance online. Enable comparison shopping. State upfront all order-related factors and the total cost of a transaction. Maintain tight security when handling customers' credit card numbers. Keep your customers apprised of fulfillment progress. Simplify product returns and exchanges. Respect your customers' privacy. Don't underestimate

Its All About Tour Essay Example for Free

Its All About Tour Essay I was so excited when I heard that we will have a class outing with a team building in Fontana Resort, Pampanga. There are so many pop up question in my mind like, what we’re going to do, what will happen during that time. Imagining everything and planning what will I’m going to wear and bring. Actually, 2 days before our outing, all of my things are ready. That’s what you called EXCITED. Our first day in Pampanga, we divide ourselves into 4 groups for activities. Our first activity is making our own cheering for our group. I enjoyed the time when my group mates and I practicing our cheering. Full of laughs, jokes, bonding and many more. Even though we’re not winning in that activity at least we enjoyed each company and we had fun. After that activity, we eat dinner sponsor by Jollibee. We all look like a survivor. Then we rest for minute and we proceed for another activity. Next is making a pyramid in the pool. This is unforgettable for me, because my all my group mates are cooperate. We measure how strong we are, and have trust to each other. For me, this is the best activity. That was the last activity for that night. Then, we had a party. Not totally party. We drink alcoholic beverages then play cards. Very enjoyed. We had a bonding to each other. I know more about my classmates. In the morning, we had another activity. How to survive and also the basic safety. That was the last activity we had. Well, for me I don’t regret that I choose this outing than the vessel pump. I super enjoyed the outing. The whole outing was covered by fun time and activities that tight us together. And also we learned a lot from the activities we had. We feel like we had a short vacation. It is a big help for us, because we can apply it in our daily life. It’s the history that we made. A momentous day of our life.

Totalitarian Leaders: Italy and Spain

Totalitarian Leaders: Italy and Spain Katie Jones The leader of parliamentary Benito Mussolini and Spains leader is Francisco  Franco. Italy has a rich history and Spain has an extraordinary artistic classic architecture. In World War 1 Italy has been allied with Germany and Spain enjoyed neutrality, when the depression started Italy was at crisis majority and Spain is starting to slide into a full-blown economic depression. The lifestyle Italy has is a consumer segmentation and Spains official language is Spanish,also called Castilian,and it is the first language of over 72% of the population. (eyeonSpain). Paolo Gentiloni is Italys prime minister and Spains prime minister is Mariano Rajoy. Italy in WW2 remained neutral (with the constant of Hitler), but it also declared war on France and Britain on June 10, 1940. Spain in WW2 was governed by a military dictatorship,but despite Francos own pro-Axis leanings and debt of gratitude to Mussolini and Hitler,the government was divided between Germanophiles and Anglophiles. When the war started,Juan Beigbeder Atienza,an Anglophile was the Minister of Foreign Affairs. Ital y and Spain share similar lifestyles, religious values and cultural heritages. In the 1920s and 1930s, a worldwide economic depression caused many people to lose faith in democracy and capitalism. Extreme ideals arose. Communists celebrated what they saw as the failure of capitalism. Benito was an italian WW1 veteran, he also led the fascists on a march on Rome,and King Emmanuel III, who had little faith in Italys parliamentary government. General Francisco is named head of the rebel Nationalist government in Spain. He also was a career soldier who rose through the ranks until the mid-1930s. When Italy gain popular support it seemed to be slipping into chaos. Spain had their food and cultural are also large factors affecting its popularity level. Rebuilding the economy in Italy. Mussolini jingoistic fascist party allied itself with the equally fascist regime of Adolf Hitler in Germany. Spain produces large crops of wheat, barley, vegetables, tomatoes, olives, sugar beets ,citrus fruit,grapes, and cork. It is Italys Benito Mussolini who founded the fascist ideology. Mussolini sought to recreate the Great Roman Empire by use of a totalitarian rule and feeding of the fear of communism. In 1939, Hitler and Mussolini signed the Pact of Steel forming an alliance which is known as the Axis powers during WWII. Benito Mussolinis self-confessed thirst for military glory battled his acute intelligence, psychological acumen, and political shrewdness for control over his military policies. (History. com). On July 18, 1936, the Spanish Civil War begins as a revolt by right-wing Spanish military officers in Spanish Morocco and spreads to mainland Spain. (History. com). In July,1936,Franco joined the military uprising that precipitated the Spanish Civil War. Francisco took command of the most powerful segment and led it back to Spain. Italys political geography has been conditioned by this rugged landscape. With few direct roads between them, and with passage from one point to another traditionall y difficult, Italys towns and cities have a history of self-sufficiency, independence, and mutual mistrust. Visitors today remark on how unlike the town is from the one next to it,one marked differences is the cuisine and dialect that is the difference between Italy and the town next to it. Franco, however, firmly maintained his position of power, even after the assassination of Carrero Blanco in 1973. Although close to the Axis powers and despite their pressure, Franco kept Spain a nonbelligerent in World War II. He dismissed (1942) his vigorously pro-Axis minister and principal collaborator, Ramà ³n Serrano Sà ºÃƒ ±er. After the war Franco maneuvered to establish favorable relations with the United States and its allies. He further reduced the power of the Falange and erected the facade of a liberalized regime. During the next 10 years Franco enhanced his military reputation in a variety of commands and became identified politically with the conservative nationalist position. In 1934 he was appointed chief of the general staff by the rightist government, and he suppressed the uprising of the miners in Asturias. When the Popular Front came to power (Feb. , 1936), he was made military governor of the Canary Islands, a significant demotion. The similarities lifestyles of Italy are a consumer segmentation section in the report breaks down the Italys consumers by specific age groups. Spains similarities-religion plays a very important role in their lives. Italy is a nation embracing all creeds and religious where the relationships between state and church is regulated. Spains religious values are Catholic Christianity is by far the largest religion in Spain. Depression in Italy is the crisis majority influenced political and economical aspects in Italy. Spain is sliding into a full-blown economic depression with unemployment approaching levels. Works Cited Francisco Franco. . Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition. US: Columbia UP, 2016. 1. History Reference Center. Web. 22 Mar. 2017. Hettinger, Laura. France, Italy, and Spain: Culturally Similar Nations, Yet Drastically by Laura Hettinger. DigitalCommonsUConn. University of Connecticut Library, 1 May 2008. Web. 22 Mar. 2017. Italy. Britannica School, Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 6 Dec. 2016. school. eb. com/levels/high/article/Italy/106448#27009. toc. Accessed 22 Mar. 2017. Living in Spain. Living in Spain Resources. Eye on Spain, 2017. Web. 22 Mar. 2017. Shen, Catherine. Guided History. Guided History The Aftermath of WWI The Rise of Fascism in Germany and Italy Comments. Boston University, 29 Apr. 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2017.

My Hospice Volunteer Experience Essay -- Contribution to My Community S

My first encounter with hospice was on the receiving end and I remember asking the hospice nurse that first day, â€Å"How can you do this every day?† I will never forget her answer, â€Å"Hospice is not about dying, it’s about affirming life, helping people live their last days to the fullest.† During the next several months, I began to understand how true her words were. Today, as a volunteer, those words echo in my mind each time I’m about to meet a new patient. I was so excited to get my first assignment; I had taken all the volunteer classes, listened to countless stories from other volunteers. I was trained and eager †¦until I received my assignment. Anna was a 92 years old lady with colon cancer given only a few days to live. Anna was bedridden and mute. Mute†¦none of the stories I had heard ever mentioned their patients being mute. A thousand questions came to mind along with a mild panic attack. How would I ever know what she needed? Would I know the right words? How would I give her support and companionship if she couldn’t tell me what she needed? Would I be enough? I was a nervous wreck! Getting ready to walk into Anna’s hospice room, my anxiety level was escalating. Saying a quick prayer, I asked God to help me find the right words to comfort Anna and her family. Upon knocking on her door, a young lady in her middle 20’s answered the door. Opening the door for me, she informed me Anna was her grandmother and she would like me just to sit with her and that she would return after work. And she left. No get to know you introduction here, very formal, matter of fact, serious kind of girl. No one was going to invade her space. Oh well, I thought, I’m here to help Anna, hopefully Julie will open up later. Turning my attenti... ...slightly. The disease seemed to loosen its grip on her body with each stroke. I was rejoicing when Anna’s head finally rested on her pillow, something that hadn’t happened since I had gotten there. By the time Julie returned her grandmother was ever so lightly snoring. The look of gratification and appreciation of Julie’s previously stern face melted my heart and again my eyes welled with tears. The fence Julie had built around her heart slowly disintegrated as she observed the bond I had developed with her â€Å"mom†. With a quivering voice, Julie revealed the stress and emotional turmoil of watching this devastating disease imprison the only mother she had ever known. Volunteering for hospice has been one of the most gratifying things I have done. Every patient is different and sometimes you’re just there to support the family, but every family is so appreciative.

Harnessing the Science of Persuasion

Persuasion works by appealing predictably to deeply rooted human needs. The rest of us can learn to secure consensus, cut deals, and win concessions—by artfully applying six scientific principles of winning friends and influencing people. Cialdini draws on decades of research in experimental, especially social psychology to distill â€Å"six fundamental principles of persuasion†. Some of these principles will seem simple and completely obvious at first sight, but looking deeper into them reveals how well they work and why, making the reader more likely to apply already-implicit knowledge.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow or agree with someone who they like because of some similarity with that person, or due to praise received. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who like them. This can be difficult to put into practice, but most of us have plenty of room to find more things we genuinely like about those we interact with. Th ird, experiments have confirmed our intuitive views that people tend to treat each other the same way they are treated. Therefore, doing someone a favor before seeking one can be both ethical and effective.Fourth, people are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and explicitly. So, get commitments in writing (and preferably publicly). Fifth, people do defer to experts, but do not assume that your expertise is fully known or appreciated. Finally, people want more of something that they believe is scarce, so exclusive information is more persuasive (and valuable) than widely available information. These principles are clearly illustrated by studies and cases, providing the reader with effective tools for strengthening leadership with better persuasion skills.

The Difference Between an Element Group and Period

The Difference Between an Element Group and Period Groups and periods are two ways of categorizing elements in the periodic table. Periods are horizontal rows (across) the periodic table, while groups are vertical columns (down) the table. Atomic number increases as you move down a group or across a period. Element Groups Elements in a group share a common number of valence electrons. For example, all of the elements in the alkaline earth group have a valence of two. Elements belonging to a group typically share several common properties. The groups in the periodic table go by a variety of different names: IUPAC Name Common Name Family Old IUPAC CAS notes Group 1 alkali metals lithium family IA IA excluding hydrogen Group 2 alkaline earth metals beryllium family IIA IIA Group 3 scandium family IIIA IIIB Group 4 titanium family IVA IVB Group 5 vanadium family VA VB Group 6 chromium family VIA VIB Group 7 manganese family VIIA VIIB Group 8 iron family VIII VIIIB Group 9 cobalt family VIII VIIIB Group 10 nickel family VIII VIIIB Group 11 coinage metals copper family IB IB Group 12 volatile metals zinc family IIB IIB Group 13 icoasagens boron family IIIB IIIA Group 14 tetrels, crystallogens carbon family IVB IVA tetrels from the Greek tetra for four Group 15 pentels, pnictogens nitrogen family VB VA pentels from the Greek penta for five Group 16 chalcogens oxygen family VIB VIA Group 17 halogens fluorine family VIIB VIIA Group 18 noble gases, aerogens helium family or neon family Group 0 VIIIA Another way to group elements is based on their shared properties (in some cases, these groupings do not correspond to the columns in the periodic table). Such groups include  alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals (including  rare earth elements or lanthanides and also actinides), basic metals, metalloids or semimetals, nonmetals, halogens, and noble gases. Within  this classification system, hydrogen is a nonmetal. The nonmetals, halogens, and noble gases are all types of nonmetallic elements. The metalloids have intermediate properties. All of the other elements are metallic. Element Periods Elements in a period share the highest unexcited electron energy level. There are more elements in some periods than others because the number of elements is determined by the number of electrons allowed in each energy sub-level. There are seven  periods for naturally occurring elements: Period 1: H, He (does not follow the octet rule)Period 2: Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Ne (involves s and p orbitals)Period 3: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar (all have at least 1 stable isotope)Period 4: K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr (first period with d-block elements)Period 5: Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sn, Te, I, Xe (same number of elements as period 4, same general structure, and includes first exclusively radioactive element, Tc)Period 6: Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Po, At, Rn (first period with f-block elements)Period 7: Fr, Ra, Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr, Rd, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg, Cn, Uut, Fl, Uup, Lv, Uus, Uuo (all elements are radioactive; contains heaviest natural elements)

Oxidation and Reduction Reaction Example Problem

Oxidation and Reduction Reaction Example Problem In an oxidation-reduction or redox reaction, it is often confusing to identify which molecule is oxidized in the reaction and which molecule is reduced. This example problem shows how to correctly identify which atoms undergo oxidation or reduction and their corresponding redox agents. Problem For the reaction:2 AgCl(s) H2(g) → 2 H(aq) 2 Ag(s) 2 Cl-Identify the atoms that undergo oxidation or reduction and list the oxidizing and reducing agents. Solution The first step is to assign oxidation states to each atom in the reaction. AgCl:Ag has a 1 oxidation stateCl has a -1 oxidation stateH2 has an oxidation state of zeroH has a 1 oxidation stateAg has an oxidation state of zero.Cl- has a -1 oxidation state. The next step is to check what happened to each element in the reaction. Ag went from 1 in AgCl(s) to 0 in Ag(s). The silver atom gained an electron.H went from 0 in H2(g) to 1 in H(aq). The hydrogen atom lost an electron.Cl kept its oxidation state constant at -1 throughout the reaction. Oxidation involves the loss of electrons and reduction involves the gain of electrons.Silver gained an electron. This means the silver was reduced. Its oxidation state was reduced by one. To identify the reduction agent, we must identify the source of the electron. The electron was supplied by either the chlorine atom or the hydrogen gas. Chlorines oxidation state was unchanged throughout the reaction and hydrogen lost an electron. The electron came from the H2 gas, making it the reduction agent. Hydrogen lost an electron. This means the hydrogen gas was oxidized. Its oxidation state was increased by one.The oxidation agent is found by finding where the electron went in the reaction. Weve already seen how hydrogen gave an electron to silver, so the oxidation agent is the silver chloride. Answer For this reaction, hydrogen gas was oxidized with the oxidizing agent being silver chloride. Silver was reduced with the reducing agent being H2 gas.

The Significance of Red Envelopes in Chinese Culture

The Significance of Red Envelopes in Chinese Culture A red envelope (ç ´â€¦Ã¥Å'…, hà ³ngbÄ o) is simply a long, narrow, red envelope. Traditional red envelopes are often decorated with gold Chinese characters, such as happiness and wealth. Variations include red envelopes with cartoon characters depicted and red envelopes from stores and companies that contain coupons and gift certificates inside. How Red Envelopes Are Used During Chinese New Year, money is put inside red envelopes which are then handed out to younger generations by their parents, grandparents, relatives, and even close neighbors and friends. At some companies, workers may also receive a year-end cash bonus tucked inside a red envelope. Red envelopes are also popular gifts for birthdays and weddings. Some four-character expressions appropriate for a wedding red envelope are Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¤ ½Å"ä ¹â€¹Ã¥ Ë† (tiÄ nzuà ² zhÄ «hà ©,  a marriage  made in heaven) or ç™ ¾Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥ Ë† (bÇŽinin hÇŽo hà ©,  a happy  union for 100 years). Unlike a Western greeting card, red envelopes given at Chinese New Year are typically left unsigned. For birthdays or weddings, a short message, typically a four-character expression, and signature are optional. The Color   Red symbolizes luck and good fortune in Chinese culture. That is why red envelopes are used during Chinese New Year and other celebratory events. Other envelope colors are used for other types of occasions. For example, white envelopes are used for funerals. How to Give and Receive Giving and receiving red envelopes, gifts, and even business cards is a solemn act. Therefore, red envelopes, gifts, and name cards are always presented with both hands and also received with both hands. The recipient of a red envelope at Chinese New Year or on his or her birthday should not open it in front of the giver. At Chinese weddings, the procedure is different. At a Chinese wedding, there is a table at the entrance of the wedding reception where guests give their red envelopes to attendants and sign their names on a large scroll. The attendants will immediately open the envelope, count the money inside, and record it on a register next to the guests’ names. A record is kept of how much each guest gives to the newlyweds. This is done for several reasons. One reason is bookkeeping. A record ensures the newlyweds know how much each guest gave and can verify the amount of money they receive at the end of the wedding from the attendants is the same as what the guests brought. Another reason is that when unmarried guests eventually get married, the bride and groom are typically obliged to give the guest more money than what the newlyweds received at their wedding. The Amount Deciding how much money to put into a red envelope depends on the situation. For red envelopes given to children for Chinese New Year, the amount depends on age and the giver’s relationship to the child.   For younger children, the equivalent of about $7 is fine. More money is given to older children and teenagers. The amount is usually enough for the child to buy a gift, like a T-shirt or DVD. Parents may give the child a more substantial amount since material gifts are usually not given during the holidays. For employees at work, the year-end bonus is typically the equivalent of one month’s wage though the amount can vary from enough money to buy a small gift to more than one month’s wage. If you go to a wedding, the money in the red envelope should be equivalent to a nice gift that would be given at a Western wedding. Or, it should be enough money to cover the guest’s expense at the wedding. For example, if the wedding dinner costs the newlyweds US$35 per person, then the money in the envelope should be at least US$35. In Taiwan, typical amounts of money are NT$1,200, NT$1,600, NT$2,200, NT$2,600, NT$3,200, and NT$3,600. As with the Chinese New Year, the amount of money is relative to your relationship to the recipient  -   the closer your relationship is to the bride and groom, the more money is expected. For instance, immediate family like parents and siblings give more money than casual friends. It is not uncommon for business partners to be invited to weddings, and business partners often put more money in the envelope to strengthen the business relationship. Less money is given for birthdays than other holidays because it is viewed as the least important of the three occasions. Nowadays, people often just bring gifts for birthdays. What Not to Gift For all occasions, certain amounts of money are to be avoided. Anything with a four is best avoided because å›› (sà ¬, four) sounds similar to æ ­ » (sÇ , death). Even numbers, except four, are better than odd  -   as good things are believed to come in pairs. For example, gifting $20 is better than $21. Eight is a particularly auspicious number. The money inside a red envelope should always be new and crisp. Folding the money or giving dirty or wrinkled bills is in bad taste. Coins and checks are avoided, the former because change is not worth much and the latter because checks are not widely used in Asia.

Radioactive Waste Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Radioactive Waste Management - Essay Example Hospitals and labs doing research work generate low-levels of radioactive waste. Also the nuclear fuel cycle generates it, however at this level the radioactivity lasts a short time and not dangerous to dispose of. The intermediate-level of waste should be disposed carefully as it contains higher amounts of radioactivity. The high-level waste may be the used fuel itself, or the waste generated from reprocessing the fuel. They contain long-lived radioactivity and also generates a high amount of heat. (AUA, 2007) Radioactive materials are themselves a threat, and shielding is required for their management. Their waste is even more a threat since it can affect millions of people throughout the area that has been exposed to, hence proper management is required. Since most of the radioactive waste can be reused for nuclear plants, its high cost and utility makes it important to manage it properly. Also management from the point of view of keeping radioactive materials secure is also important since in the wrong hands, radioactive materials can be used to spread terrorism in the world. (IAEA, 1995) Radioactive waste is hazardous for the natural environment in high quantities. Once the radioactivity escapes into the environment, humans and other species are exposed to ionizing radiation. Since humans are among the most radiation sensitive organisms, the effect can be as bad as or even worse than that happed to the people of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The natural resources would be destroyed over extended periods of time. Chemical pollution and adverse affect on the natural habitats of other species can de disastrous for our future generations. (IAEA, 1995) Political Impacts Keeping radioactive waste can be a threat to the security of a nation and even a threat to the world. Since terrorism is a very strong force in this world today, keeping radioactive waste provides an opportunity to these fanatics to take control of the waste and use them for their terrorist activities. Physical The radioactive waste requires special landfills with lead containers kept deep inside the earth. The land then becomes unusable due to threat of radioactive contamination. When an area becomes contaminated, it then becomes quarantined and involves a massive cleanup campaign. If the radioactive waste is short lived then usually the site becomes usable after the radioactive waste decays. However in the case of long-lived waste, suitable sites are cleared and dug up to facilitate the waste in deep final repositories. (IAEA, 1995) Economic The management of radioactive waste is often extremely expensive. According to an Israeli estimate, it costs $30,000 per ton to treat and properly dispose low-radioactive nuclear waste (Kloosterman, 2007). This cost is extremely high for even a developed country. According to Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA), UK's nuclear waste clean-up program could cost more than 70bn (BBC, 2006). Responses Individuals Everyone at a personal level realizes the threat that radioactive waste poses for their country and to themselves. At a personal level, everyone should try to contain and limit the use of radioactive material in

Respiratory System Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Respiratory System - Assignment Example The coarse hair, mucus and cilia in the respiratory tract clean, warms and moistens the air. Hair is in the nostril region while mucus and cilia are found in the rest of the nasal cavity. Hair and cilia in the nose are used in screening air while in trachea cilia moves upward and carry the food particles in the pharynx. The heat given by the blood vessels warms the air while the wet surfaces moisten the air. As air moves out during exhalation, it cools and dries up. During cooling, moisture is deposited on lining of the nose and the trachea (Michael & Albert 2001, p.10-13).NoseNose opens at the nostrils which lead to nasal cavities. Nasal cavities contain ciliated cells that act as the odour receptors. The cells contain nerves that lead to the brain. Nasal cavities communicate with cranial sinuses in the skull. Any inflammation of the duct stimulates accumulation of fluid. The hollow spaces in the nose enhance filtering, warming and moistening the air (Michael & Albert 2001, p.10-13) .PharynxPharynx is funnel-shaped and links oral and nasal cavities to larynx. Tonsils in the pharynx contain lymphocytes that protect against inhaled foreign antigens.Alveoli are contained in the lungs, and each sac is surrounded by the blood capillaries. The walls of alveoli contain the squamous epithelium or the flattened cells that enhance the exchange of gases. The surfactant in the alveoli reduces the surface tension and prevents lungs from closing. During inhalation, the air moving in and out, tidal volume, is small.... The heat given by the blood vessels warms the air while the wet surfaces moisten the air. As air moves out during exhalation, it cools and dries up. During cooling, moisture is deposited on lining of the nose and the trachea (Michael & Albert 2001, p.10-13). Nose Nose opens at the nostrils which lead to nasal cavities. Nasal cavities contain ciliated cells that act as the odour receptors. The cells contain nerves that lead to the brain. Nasal cavities communicate with cranial sinuses in the skull. Any inflammation of the duct stimulates accumulation of fluid. The hollow spaces in the nose enhance filtering, warming and moistening the air (Michael & Albert 2001, p.10-13). Pharynx Pharynx is funnel-shaped and links oral and nasal cavities to larynx. Tonsils in the pharynx contain lymphocytes that protect against inhaled foreign antigens. Larynx Larynx acts as air passage between the pharynx and trachea. Larynx moves up against epiglottis when swallowing food; the flap tissue prevents f ood from entering into the larynx. Alveoli Alveoli are contained in the lungs, and each sac is surrounded by the blood capillaries. The walls of alveoli contain the squamous epithelium or the flattened cells that enhance the exchange of gases. The surfactant in the alveoli reduces the surface tension and prevents lungs from closing. During inhalation, the air moving in and out, tidal volume, is small. The vital capacity can be increased through expansion of the chest and lungs. During inspiration, external intercostal muscles and the lungs will contract. Diaphragm is dome shaped, and it will lower and contract during inhalation. The volume of the thoracic cavity increases, lungs expand, and the pressure in the alveoli decreases. This allows air to floe naturally flows outside the

Human Resources Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Human Resources Management - Research Paper Example The job knowledge tests are based on multiple-choice questions (MCQs) that may either be administered via a computer or paper and pencil. Personality tests tend to assess the candidate’s personality characteristics that relate to the job. Such factors include extraversion, openness, conscientiousness, conflict avoidance and resolution skills, and agreeableness. These tests may be based on MCQs or True/False questions and are also administered via a computer or paper and pencil. Situational judgment tests provide the candidates with situations in which they are required to tell how they would perform. These situations are usually the ones the candidates would be encountering at work. These tests may either be administered in written form or may be videotaped. These tests tend to evaluate the informed decision making skills of the candidates in tough circumstances and with very little time to make the decision. Interview is amongst the most widely employed methods of selection. Most interviews are unstructured which means that there are no definite questions and these interviews are without any agreed-upon standards of evaluation of the candidate’s performance. These interviews may be conducted face-to-face, over the phone, or in a group. Structured interviews, on the other hand, evaluate the candidate’s skills with the help of a definite set of questions previously set by the interviewer. Like the unstructured interviews, the structured interviews are also conducted either face-to-face, over the phone, or in a group. Interviewing is a technical process and requires very fine skills on the part of the interviewer for the skills of the candidate to be appropriately judged. There are certain strategies and precautions that can help an interviewer make the interview effective. Some organizations take the services of an employment agency to conduct the

Ibsen, An Enemy of the People analytical Assignment

Ibsen, An Enemy of the People analytical - Assignment Example in the playas the author portrays the negative side of small town politics and warns against political leaders who are solely rooted, having only a myopic visions for example Mayor Peter stockmann,when Dr Stockmann discovers the pollution in the Baths ,the Mayor instead doesnt want it publicized, he say that the report must not reach the people as he is threatened that they might questioned his work,( it was his idea to lay the pipes where they are) and may cost him for his improper leadership, an assertion that portrays his political role of bad governance. Bad leadership portrayed by Peter Stockmann made him disrupt Dr Stockmanns meeting and sway people not to give him a chance to read his report about the dangers of the Baths, the Mayor is interested in maintaining his position, while people like Hovstad are supportive as they want to have the report for their own selfish gain. Corruption which is an element of bad leadership is clearly outlined by the author in relation to Peter Stockmann political role in the play,as a political leader who is only interested in achieving his ambitions,Peter Stockmann ,want the medical officer of the Baths,Dr Stockmann to withdraw the report concerning the contamination of the public utility,what is obviously amounting to corrupt deeds.he forces him to write another report from further"investigation" that will resort the matter not as dangerous as imagined. Peter Stockmann, depicted an element of misuse of power when he refuses to implement,the report and the recommendations.Ibsen(1997) wrote that,Dr Stockmann is aware that Peter hates the idea of someone doing any service to the town except for himself ( p. 21) further more Catherine stockmann also doesnt want bad blood between the brothers and suggested that the Doctor should swallow his prides and agree that the Mayor was involved in the finding,she says" couldnt drop a hint that it was he who set you on the scent of this discovery"( Inbsen ,1977,p.21) this was to silence

Business research methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business research methods - Essay Example In order to study this topic, the researcher would make use of primary as well as secondary data and analyse them using quantitative approach as well as qualitative approach. Statistical analysis of the data would help in understanding the relationship in a robust way and also allow illustrating the results in a visually comprehensive manner. Qualitative analysis of the data would help in gaining deep insights regarding employee behaviour that leads to the concerned level of organizational effectiveness. Aim of the Research The research work would be done with the aim of analyzing the impact of innovation on the level of organizational effectiveness in terms of organizational performance and efficiency of business strategies. Introduction Innovation has become the key to success and survival in the modern business world. During the late 1970s organizations faced a spacious business field with much lesser competition than the current business scenario. In the present business scenario , companies are operating in an intricate and complex external environment and a highly volatile market place (Vuuren, 2013). This paper aims at studying the level of organizational innovation and assessing the impact it casts on organizational effectiveness. To serve this purpose a global business firm has been chosen. The chosen company is Dell Computers. This company has a strong history of innovation and it is one of the leading companies in the field of technology. Research objectives In the current business platform, companies are required to make efforts to move beyond simple modification of their operating processes and take real innovative actions in terms of product features and service quality. Dell has a proven track record of making huge investment in its research and development department that enables the company to come up with ground breaking innovations. The company competes with the global leaders in the industry and ranks third after Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) and Lenovo. Dell makes constant innovations and utilizes modern technological knowhow in order to throw steep competition for its rivals. The company also updates itself with the changing preferences of its customer base. This fine tunes the new innovations of the company with demands of the market, which in turn increases organizational effectiveness. There are three research objectives of this study. The primary research objective is mentioned below, followed by the secondary and tertiary research objectives. To critically evaluate the theories of organizational innovation and study the manner in which organizational innovation might influence organizational effectiveness To investigate the company’s decision making in the context of their plans to expand their product range, other than computers, in the field of Information Technology To identify the strategies that might help Dell to beat the position of Hewlett Packard and become the leading supplier of personal computer s in the world market Research questions The central topic that is being explored in this paper is the relationship between organizational innovation and organizational effectiveness. To study this topic the researcher has framed three research questions. These have been mentioned below: What are the implications of current business strategies on Dell’s current level of research and deve

Asses the Claim that the Countries Using thr Euro Constitute an Essay

Asses the Claim that the Countries Using thr Euro Constitute an Optimal Currency Area - Essay Example This paper approves that Euro was considered as a stable currency before the late 2000s when economic crisis started to happen. The current sovereign crisis wherein many European countries are finding it relatively difficult to pay off their obligations on time therefore has created strong doubts over the sovereign debt crisis. Greece specially faced critical challenges in terms of paying off its debts and resultantly this has created strong pressure on Euro to decline against US Dollar in international market. This has also suggested that the Euro may not be an optimal currency region if it continues to perform in its current form. This suggests the absence of physical restrictions to travel and facilitate the free movement of the labor across the borders. It also requires the low cultural barriers as well as the institutional arrangements make it relatively easier for the labor to move freely. Labor mobility therefore is considered as a hedge against the adverse shocks when exchange rates are fixed or cannot be adjusted easily. It has been observed that the labor mobility within Euro area is relatively low as compared to the countries like US and Japan. This report makes a conclusion that Euro has to fulfill four important criteria before it can form into one of the cohesive and efficient single currency areas in the world. Apart from free capital mobility all other criteria suggest that the countries in the region may not be ready and hence countries comprising of the region where Euro is the single currency may not be constituted as an optimal currency area.... two models are based upon the concepts of stationary expectations as well as the International Risk Sharing.( Kenen, 1969) One of the key attribute of an optimal currency region therefore is based on the fact that it is often larger than a single country. The creation of Euro has been considered as an engineered attempt to provide a case study to test the theory of how to create an optimal currency region as individual countries in the region may not have been sufficient enough to form an optimal currency area. History of Euro Euro is the single currency in Eurozone comprising of the 17 of the 27 countries in the European Union area. Officially launched in late 1990s, over the period of time, Euro has become one of the most dominating currencies in the world. At the start of Euro as a currency, it was widely expected that the Euro will replace US Dollar as the most traded currency in the world. Backed up by the economic powers of the European economic powers in order to ensure that r egion is served by a single currency.( Richard; & Wyplosz, 2004.) Euro is officially administrated by the European Central Bank and the Eurosystem whereas the ECB has the sole responsibility to set the setting up the monetary policy for the region whereas the Eurosystem has the mandate of printing and minting currency notes as well as coins. Euro and Optimal Currency Area As discussed above, Euro was considered as a stable currency before the late 2000s when economic crisis started to happen. The current sovereign crisis wherein many European countries are finding it relatively difficult to pay off their obligations on time therefore has created strong doubts over the sovereign debt crisis. Greece specially faced critical challenges in terms of paying off its debts and resultantly this has